Read the text and mark true and false statements after it. When you see a man with a beard, doesn't he somehow look impressive and important? In the history of man, this has been the way people looked upon beards. It was a sign of manhood. That's why you will find that in ancient times, when an important person was shown, he was usually shown with a beard. The Greek god, Zeus, was shown with a beard; drawings representing God showed a beard; Abraham and King Arthur were always pictured with beards. In the western civilization, there is no general rule about beards. Sometimes they were considered stylish and right for men to have, sometimes no man would want to be seen with a beard. Long before the conquest of England by the Normans, the beard was considered unfashionable and not worn by men. Then the style changed and beards became popular again. The kings of England, who set the fashions that men followed, demonstrated different tastes for beards. For example, Henry II had no beard, Richard II had a small beard, Henry III had a long beard. By the middle of the thirteenth century, most men were wearing full and curled beards, and it was common in the fourteenth century. Then beards disappeared again "during the fifteenth century, and slowly began to come back into fashion with the sixteenth century. It was Henry VIII who made the beards fashionable again. During the time of Queen Elizabeth I, lawyers, soldiers, courtiers, and merchants all had beards. But when Ann became queen of England, nobody who was anybody wore either a beard or moustache, or whiskers. In fact, when George III was imprisoned and his beard was allowed to grow, many of his followers felt this was the most horrible and insulting thing of all. So you see that shaving the beard off for a man has not been a question of having a razor*. These have existed for thousands of years. To wear a beard or not has been simply a question of style. Statements: True False 1. In ancient times people believed that a beard made a man look more important. 2. Fashion for beards changed with time. 3. On the British Isles men began shaving their beards off only as a result of the Norman conquest. 4. All English kings wore small beards. 5. Henry VIII lived in the sixteenth century. 6. Razors have appeared only recently and when they appeared the fashion for beards changed.

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