Golden, Peter B. "The Turkic Tribes in the Kirgiz and Karakhanid Periods." The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: the Chinggisid Age. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Gumilev, Lev Nikolaevich. The Kipchak Khanate. Brill, 1960.
Sinor, Denis. "The Inner Asian Nomads." The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Barfield, Thomas J. The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, 221 BC to AD 1757. Blackwell Publishing, 1989.
Zuev, Yu.A. "Early Türks: Essays on history and Ideology." Askeri Editions, Moscow, 2002. (In Russian)
Golden, Peter B. "The Turkic Tribes in the Kirgiz and Karakhanid Periods." The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: the Chinggisid Age. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Gumilev, Lev Nikolaevich. The Kipchak Khanate. Brill, 1960.
Sinor, Denis. "The Inner Asian Nomads." The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Barfield, Thomas J. The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, 221 BC to AD 1757. Blackwell Publishing, 1989.
Zuev, Yu.A. "Early Türks: Essays on history and Ideology." Askeri Editions, Moscow, 2002. (In Russian)