CaO + HCl = ? уравнение реакции Рассчитайте массу хлорида кальция, полученного растворением 10 г оксида кальция в соляной кислоте (200 мл 18%-ного раствора плотностью 1,0878 г/мл) (CaO + HCl = ?). Определите, какое из исходных веществ было в избытке? Запишите молекулярное и ионное уравнение реакции.

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Molecular equation: CaO + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O
Ionic equation: CaO + 2H+ + 2Cl- = Ca2+ + 2Cl- + H2O

First, let's calculate the amount of HCl needed to react with 10 g of CaO:

Molar mass of CaO = 40.08 g/mol
Molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol

1 mol of CaO reacts with 2 mol of HCl.
So, the amount of HCl needed = (10 g / 40.08 g/mol) * 2 = 0.498 mol

Next, let's calculate the amount of HCl in 200 ml of 18% HCl solution:

Volume of HCl solution = 200 ml = 0.2 L
Concentration of HCl = 18% = 0.18
Molarity of HCl = 0.18 * 1.0878 g/ml / 36.46 g/mol = 0.00536 mol/L

Amount of HCl in 200 ml solution = 0.00536 mol/L * 0.2 L = 0.001072 mol

Since the amount of HCl needed (0.498 mol) is greater than the amount of HCl available (0.001072 mol), HCl is the limiting reagent and CaO is in excess.

Now, let's calculate the mass of calcium chloride produced:

Molar mass of CaCl2 = 110.98 g/mol
Amount of CaCl2 produced = 0.001072 mol
Mass of CaCl2 = 0.001072 mol * 110.98 g/mol = 0.119 g

Therefore, the mass of calcium chloride produced by reacting 10 g of CaO with 200 ml of 18% HCl solution is 0.119 g.