AlCl3 + NaOH = ? уравнение реакции Какие продукты образуются в результате взаимодействия AlCl3 + NaOH = ? Надо записать молекулярное и ионное уравнение реакции, а также решить задачу. Вот условие: какая масса осадка образуется, если в реакцию вступили 5,5 г хлорида алюминия и 7,2 г гидроксида натрия. Какое из веществ будет в избытке?
To solve the problem, we need to first calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
Number of moles of AlCl3 = 5.5 g / molar mass of AlCl3 = 5.5 g / (27 + 3*35.5) g/mol = 0.05 molNumber of moles of NaOH = 7.2 g / molar mass of NaOH = 7.2 g / (23 + 16 + 1) g/mol = 0.2 mol
From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of AlCl3 reacts with 3 moles of NaOH. Since the number of moles of NaOH (0.2 mol) is greater than 1/3 of the number of moles of AlCl3 (0.05 mol), NaOH is in excess.
Now we need to calculate the mass of the precipitate (Al(OH)3) formed:
Number of moles of Al(OH)3 = 0.05 molMass of Al(OH)3 = number of moles x molar mass = 0.05 mol x (27 + 3*16) g/mol = 0.05 mol x 78 g/mol = 3.9 g
Therefore, 3.9 g of Al(OH)3 precipitate will be formed in the reaction.
Molecular equation: AlCl3 + 3NaOH = Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
Ionic equation: Al^3+ + 3Cl- + 3Na+ + 3OH- = Al(OH)3 + 3Na+ + 3Cl-
To solve the problem, we need to first calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
Number of moles of AlCl3 = 5.5 g / molar mass of AlCl3= 5.5 g / (27 + 3*35.5) g/mol = 0.05 molNumber of moles of NaOH = 7.2 g / molar mass of NaOH
= 7.2 g / (23 + 16 + 1) g/mol = 0.2 mol
From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of AlCl3 reacts with 3 moles of NaOH. Since the number of moles of NaOH (0.2 mol) is greater than 1/3 of the number of moles of AlCl3 (0.05 mol), NaOH is in excess.
Now we need to calculate the mass of the precipitate (Al(OH)3) formed:
Number of moles of Al(OH)3 = 0.05 molMass of Al(OH)3 = number of moles x molar mass= 0.05 mol x (27 + 3*16) g/mol
= 0.05 mol x 78 g/mol
= 3.9 g
Therefore, 3.9 g of Al(OH)3 precipitate will be formed in the reaction.