= A^2b^2 - a^2 - a^2 + a^2 + a^2b^2 - a
Simplifying the expression:
= A^2b^2 + a^2b^2 - a^2 - a
= (A^2 + a^2)b^2 - (a^2 + a)
= (A^2 + a^2)(b^2 - 1)
Therefore, the final simplified expression is (A^2 + a^2)(b^2 - 1).
= A^2b^2 - a^2 - a^2 + a^2 + a^2b^2 - a
Simplifying the expression:
= A^2b^2 + a^2b^2 - a^2 - a
= (A^2 + a^2)b^2 - (a^2 + a)
= (A^2 + a^2)(b^2 - 1)
Therefore, the final simplified expression is (A^2 + a^2)(b^2 - 1).